Tuesday, 19 September 2023

Week 10 Term 3 2023

 Homework

  • Act 4A, p.56 Properties of Waves
  • Act 5A, p.73-74 Standing Waves
  • Act 5B, p.79-80 Music

  • Ex 3D, p.75-79, Standing Waves and Music

  • Act 6A, p.85-86 The Doppler Effect


    • Longitudinal Waves

    Particle displacement in the medium is parallel to the direction of wave propagation e.g. sound waves, primary earthquake waves

    Transverse Waves
    Particle displacement in the medium is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation e.g. light and other electromagnetic waves, secondary earthquake waves

    Frequency - Period


    Sound Waves
    Superposition of Waves

    Waves travel through each other and the total amplitude at any moment is equal to the sum of amplitudes of the individual waves.


    Standing Waves
    In musical instruments - when a reflected wave travels back through itself causing fixed points of Nodes (Deconstructive Interference) and Antinodes (Constructive Interference) due to the fractional relationship between the wavelength (𝜆) of the wave and the length (L) of the resonating chamber

    in musical instruments - when a reflected wave travels back through itself causing fixed points of Nodes (Deconstructive Interference) and Antinodes (Constructive Interference) due to the fractional relationship between the wavelength (𝜆) of the wave and the length (L) of the resonating chamber


    Harmonic
    String
    Double Open Ended Pipe
    Closed Ended Pipe
    1st
    𝜆 = 2L
    f = f1st
    𝜆 = 2L
    f = f1st
    𝜆 = 4L
    f = f1st
    2nd
    𝜆 = L
    f = 2f1st
    𝜆 = L
    f = 2f1st

    3rd
    𝜆 = ⅔ L
    f = 3f1st
    𝜆 = ⅔ L
    f = 3f1st
    𝜆 = 4/3 L
    f = 3f1st
    4th
    𝜆 = ½ L
    f = 4f1st
    𝜆 = ½ L
    f = 4f1st

    5th
    𝜆 = ⅖ L
    f = 5f1st
    𝜆 = ⅖ L
    f = 5f1st
    𝜆 = ⅘ L
    f = 5f1st

    Standing Waves Part I: Demonstration


    Standing Waves Part II: Explanation

    Standing Waves


    Standing Waves on a String
    1st Harmonic
    2nd Harmonic
    3rd Harmonic
    4th Harmonic
    𝜆 = 2L
    𝜆 = L
    𝜆 = ⅔ L
    𝜆 = ½ L
    f = f1st
    f = 2f1st
    f = 3f1st
    f = 4f1st


    Standing Waves in a Pipe


    Standing Waves in a Wave Tank


    Standing Waves on a 2D Plate

    Cymatics

       Acoustic Levitation in ULTRA SLOW MOTION


    Timbre
    Timbre is caused by the shape of the repeating wave unit. This gives instruments their characteristic sound even when playing the same note

     Musical Notes and Frequencies
("Middle C" is C4 )

NoteFrequency (Hz)Wavelength (cm)
C016.352109.89
 C#0/Db0 17.321991.47
D018.351879.69
 D#0/Eb0 19.451774.20
E020.601674.62
F021.831580.63
 F#0/Gb0 23.121491.91
G024.501408.18
 G#0/Ab0 25.961329.14
A027.501254.55
 A#0/Bb0 29.141184.13
B030.871117.67
C132.701054.94
 C#1/Db1 34.65995.73
D136.71939.85
 D#1/Eb1 38.89887.10
E141.20837.31
F143.65790.31
 F#1/Gb1 46.25745.96
G149.00704.09
 G#1/Ab1 51.91664.57
A155.00627.27
 A#1/Bb1 58.27592.07
B161.74558.84
C265.41527.47
 C#2/Db2 69.30497.87
D273.42469.92
 D#2/Eb2 77.78443.55
E282.41418.65
F287.31395.16
 F#2/Gb2 92.50372.98
G298.00352.04
 G#2/Ab2 103.83332.29
A2110.00313.64
 A#2/Bb2 116.54296.03
B2123.47279.42
C3130.81263.74
 C#3/Db3 138.59248.93
D3146.83234.96
 D#3/Eb3 155.56221.77
E3164.81209.33
F3174.61197.58
 F#3/Gb3 185.00186.49
G3196.00176.02
 G#3/Ab3 207.65166.14
A3220.00156.82
 A#3/Bb3 233.08148.02
B3246.94139.71
C4261.63131.87
 C#4/Db4 277.18124.47
D4293.66117.48
 D#4/Eb4 311.13110.89
E4329.63104.66
F4349.2398.79
 F#4/Gb4 369.9993.24
G4392.0088.01
 G#4/Ab4 415.3083.07
A4440.0078.41
 A#4/Bb4 466.1674.01
B4493.8869.85
C5523.2565.93
 C#5/Db5 554.3762.23
D5587.3358.74
 D#5/Eb5 622.2555.44
E5659.2552.33
F5698.4649.39
 F#5/Gb5 739.9946.62
G5783.9944.01
 G#5/Ab5 830.6141.54
A5880.0039.20
 A#5/Bb5 932.3337.00
B5987.7734.93
C61046.5032.97
 C#6/Db6 1108.7331.12
D61174.6629.37
 D#6/Eb6 1244.5127.72
E61318.5126.17
F61396.9124.70
 F#6/Gb6 1479.9823.31
G61567.9822.00
 G#6/Ab6 1661.2220.77
A61760.0019.60
 A#6/Bb6 1864.6618.50
B61975.5317.46
C72093.0016.48
 C#7/Db7 2217.4615.56
D72349.3214.69
 D#7/Eb7 2489.0213.86
E72637.0213.08
F72793.8312.35
 F#7/Gb7 2959.9611.66
G73135.9611.00
 G#7/Ab7 3322.4410.38
A73520.009.80
 A#7/Bb7 3729.319.25
B73951.078.73
C84186.018.24
 C#8/Db8 4434.927.78
D84698.637.34
 D#8/Eb8 4978.036.93
E85274.046.54
F85587.656.17
 F#8/Gb8 5919.915.83
G86271.935.50
 G#8/Ab8 6644.885.19
A87040.004.90
 A#8/Bb8 7458.624.63
B87902.134.37
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Sunday, 13 August 2023

Week 4 Term 3 2023

 Homework

  • Act 13A, p.205-206 Level 2 D.C. Circuit Revision
  • Act 13B, p.210-211 Internal Resistance of a Battery
  • Ex 6A, p.251-253 Resistor Networks
  • Ex 6B, P.261-262 Internal Resistance of a Battery
  • Act 13C, p.214-216 Kirchhoff's Laws
  • Ex 6C, p.267-272 Kirchhoff's Laws
  • Act 14A, p.240 Capacitance & Capacitors
  • Act 14B, p.244-245 Capacitor Networks & Energy
  • Act 14C, p.249-251 Charging & Discharging Capacitors
  • Ex 6D, p.277-280 Capacitor Energy
  • Ex 6E, p.283-284 Capacitors
  • Ex 6F, p.289-292 Capacitor Networks
  • Ex 6G, p.298-300 Charging & Discharging Capacitors

    • Capacitor
    C = Q/V


    Capacitors
    Basic Definition
    Physical Parameters
    Energy Stored
    Ep = ½ QV


    Capacitors & Capacitance

    Capacitors Explained

    Dielectric

    An insulating material placed in between the capacitor plates to increase the Capacitance

    C = 𝜺r𝜺oA/d






    Dielectrics in Capacitors

    PhET Capacitor Lab Basics - App


    Capacitor Circuits


    Capacitors in Series
    Calculating Voltage Charge and Total Capacitance

    Capacitors in Parallel
    Calculating Voltage Charge and Total Capacitance


    Capacitors in Parallel vs Capacitors in Series


    Capacitors in Combination
    Series & Parallel Capacitors

    Capacitors in Combination
    Patrallel & Series Capacitors

    Capacitors in Series
    Calculating Voltage Drop


    Capacitors in Series
    Calculating the Charge Stored

    Capacitors in Series
    Calculating the Equivalent Capacitance


    Capacitors in Parallel
    Calculating Voltage Drop

    Capacitors in Parallel
    Calculating the Charge Stored


    Capacitors in Parallel
    Calculating the Equivalent Capacitance


    Capacitor Charge & Discharge



    RC Circuits 1: Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

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    Wednesday, 26 July 2023

    Week 2 Term 3 2023

     Homework

  • Act 13A, p.205-206 Level 2 D.C. Circuit Revision
  • Act 13B, p.210-211 Internal Resistance of a Battery
  • Ex 6A, p.251-253 Resistor Networks
  • Ex 6B, P.261-262 Internal Resistance of a Battery
  • Act 13C, p.214-216 Kirchhoff's Laws
  • Ex 6C, p.267-272 Kirchhoff's Laws

    • Kichhoff's Laws
    Kirchhoff’s Current Law
    “At any junction in a circuit, the total current entering the junction equals the total current leaving the junction”
    Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
    “Around any closed path of a circuit, the total of all the potential differences, V, is zero”

    Kirchhoff's Rules for Circuit Analysis - Explanation

    Kirchhoff's Rules for Circuit Analysis - Example 1

    Kirchhoff's Rules for Circuit Analysis - Example 2

    Kirchhoff's Rules for Circuit Analysis - Example 3

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    Thursday, 20 July 2023

    Week 1 Term 3 2023

     Homework

  • Act 13A, p.205-206 Level 2 D.C. Circuit Revision
  • Act 13B, p.210-211 Internal Resistance of a Battery
  • Ex 6A, p.251-253 Resistor Networks
  • Ex 6B, P.261-262 Internal Resistance of a Battery

    • Electrical Charge

    Current
    Current is the rate of flow of Charge

    I = Δq/Δt

    Current

    Voltage
    Voltage (Potential Difference) is the change in energy (work done) to each coulomb of charge between two points on a circuit, or two points across an electric field

    Voltage
    Voltage (Potential Difference) is the change in energy (work done) to each coulomb of charge between two points on a circuit, or two points across an electric field

    V = ΔE/Q

    Ohm's Law & Resistance

    Power


    Circuit Symbols

    Ohm's Law

    Ohm's Law - PhET App

    D.C. Circuit Construction Kit - PhET App

    Ohm's Law


    Internal Resistance of a Battery
    Batteries can be thought of as having an ideal voltage supply E.M.F. (Electromotive Force) in series with an internal resistance

    V = 𝛆 - Ir


    How to find the internal resistance of a battery
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    Week 8 Term 2 2023

     Homework

    • Ex 4A, p.100-102, C.O.M.
    • Ex 4B, p.108-112, Momentum & C.O.M. in 1D
    • Ex 4C, p.116-122, Momentum & C.O.M. in 2D
    • Act 7A, p.87-88 Motion, Force and Energy
    • Act 7B, p.91-92 Impulse
    • Act 7C, p.95-96 Conservation of Momentum
    • Act 7D, p.100-101 C.O.M.
    • Act 8A, p.120-121 Horizontal Circles and Banked Corners
    • Act 8B, p.124-125 Vertical Circles
    • Act 8C, p.129 Sattelites
    • Ex 4D, p.128-131, Banked Corners (Circular Motion)
    • Ex 4E, p.138-142, Vertical Circles
    • Ex 4F, p.145-147, Gravity
    • Ex 4G, p.153-156 Satallites
    • Act 9A, p. 128-129, Angular Motion
    • Act 9B, p. 133-135, Torque - Angular Force
    • Act 9C, p. 128-129, Angular Momentum
    • Ex 4H, p.160-162, Rotational Kinematics
    • Ex 4I, P.167-171, Rotational Force & Momentum
    • Ex 4J, p.175-177, Rotational Kinetic Energy
    • Act 10A, p. 148, Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
    • Act 10B, p.153, Reference CIrcle
    • Act 10C, p. 158-160, SHM - displacement, velocity, acceleration
    • Act 10D, p. 164-165, Springs and Pendulums
    • Act 10E, p. 172, SHM Energy, Damped, Driven, Resonance
    • Ex 4K, p.184-187, Pendulums and Bouncing Springs
    • Ex 4L, p.191-194, SHM

    Simple Harmonic Motion - SHM






    SHM

    Simple Harmonic Motion: Crash Course Physics

    Pendulum Wave Demonstration





    SHM & Energy


    Energy of Simple Harmonic Oscillators

    Damped SHM

    Damping of Simple Harmonic Motion

    Damped SHM & Resonance

    PhET - Resonance Lab

    Damped SHM & Resonance
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